Adilabad District - General Information |
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The district was situated between 77.46' and 80.01' ,of the eastern longitudes and 18.40' and 19.56', of northern latitudes.The district is bounded on north by Yeotmal and Chanda district of Maharastra, on the east by Chanda district, on the south by Karimnagar and Nizamabad districts and on the west by Nanded district of Maharastra State. The district has population of 2079098 which accounts for 3.13% of the total population of the State. It is however takes the fifth rank in area with an extent of 16128 SU kms.Which account for 5.90% of the total area of the State. It is however,the second largest district in the Telangana of the inhabited and 167 unihabited village and 11 Towns. The District Comprises of 52 Mandals and 1743 villages of which 1557 villages are inhabited and 186 villages are un-inhabitated. There are 7 Muncipalities in the District. The District is conveniently formed into 5 divisions 1) Adilabad , 2) Nirmal , 3) Utnoor, 4) Asifabad, 5) Mancherial.
The climate of the district is characterized by hot summer and in generally dry except during the south-west monsoon season. The year may be divided into four seasons. The cold season from December to February is followed by the summer season from March to May. The period from june to september constitute the south west monsoon season, while October and November from the postmonsoon season. The rainfall in the district, in general increases from the south-west towards the north east. About 85% of annual rainfall is received during the south-west monsoon season. July being the peak rainy month. The variation in the Annual rainfall from year is not large.The normal Annual rainfall of the district is 1044.5m.m. There is a meterological obervatory, station at headquarters Adilabad. The cold weather commences towards the end of November when the temperature begins to fall rapidly. December is generally the coldest month, with the mean daily maximum temprature at about 29 C and the mininum daily is 15 C. The relative humidities are high generally during the south-west monsoon season. The air is generally dry during the rest of the year, the district part of the year being the summer season when the humidity in the afternoon is 25%. During the south-west monsoon season the sky is heavily clouded.There is rapid decrease of cloudings the post-monsoon season. In the rest year the sky is mostly clear of light clouded. Winds are light to moderate with some strengthening in the period from May to August. During the post-monsoon and cold season, winds blow mostly from the east or north-east. By March, south westerlies and westerlies start blowing and continue during the rest of summer. The sought west monsoon season winds are mostly from directions between south-west and north west.
Crops The Net area sown in the district is 35.4% of the total geographical area while for the state the relative percentage is 40.2. The percentage of the area sown more than once to the net area sown in the district is 23% and it is far below the relative percentage of state viz. 15.7% which speaks of Lack of cropping pattern existing in the district. The predominent Crop grown in the district is Jowar which accounts for 31.8% of the total cropped area. Paddy account for 10.8% pulses and each crops, and non food crops for 34.7% of the total croped area. The southern part of the district consisting of Nirmal, Luxettipet, Khanapur and surrounding mandals is fairly developed agriculturally, owing to the availability of irrigation facilities there. The total cropped area of the district is 5.93 lakh hectares which constitute 37% of the total geographical area. The principal crops of the district are Jowar, paddy, Cotton, Wheat, Maize, Chillies, Sugarcane and Soya. Cropping Pattern Cotton
occupies an important place in the agriculture sector of this district.
Adilabad has got 27% area under cotton in all the Telengana districts
put together and 16% of the area under cotton in the entire state.
However the yields are not in accordance with the above ratios, which
accounts to only 11.76% cotton production of Telengana districts
and only about 5% of the states' total cotton production. The Regional
Agricultural Research Station situated at Adilabad is conducting
research on cotton in modern cultivation and pest management techniques
to advise the farmers for better yields achievement. The area at present under the plantations and horticulture crops is only about 3.5% of the net area cultivated in the district. Horticulture produce assumes importance for it provides, supplementary income including foreign exchange and employment. The cultivable wastes and fallow lands can be put to use by plantation on the contours and bunds of the farmlands. With the above average rainfall, the district and minor irrigation facilities in general is suitable for horticulture comprising of fruits, vegetables and flowers. The medical and aromatic plant cultivation is another untapped area in the district, which has good potential. A study based on the present land use pattern and the hardy nature of Horticulture crops which can be grown even on dry lands and wastelands an area of 41,565 hectares is identified that can be put to use for this activity. Thus an additional area of 5,50 hectares can be brought in short term under this crops, in addition to the present 36000 hectares of this activity. The Department of Horticulture in association with the ITDA, Utnoor and the SC Corporation, Adilabad through programme for promotion of horticulture schemes in the district. Backward linkage likes nurseries/farms to meet the seedling requirement forward linkage like processing and preservation plants, for value addition are the need of the hour to augment the development of this sector. The area of medicinal and aromatic plantations is the most suited
and the least tapped source of the district Nux-vomica an important
medicinal plant forms a substantial forest source in the district.
The potential and advantages of medicinal aromatic plants cultivation
should be made know to the locals to promote this fast catching activity
all over. Apie culture and floriculture are the other areas not operational
to their full in this climatically congenial nature of the district
for these activities. The locals should be encouraged to take advantage
of these natural vistas. Sericulture is an activity making roads into this non-traditional area, with the implementation of National Sericulture project from 1989-90. The major constraint hampering the progress of sericulture activity has been the marketing of cocoons. The absence of an established market is a major bottleneck in this activity, as the growers are forced to go to the neighboring state like Karnataka, spending a lot on transportation. There are no forward linkages either, like silk reeling and twisting units around. The lower activity in this sector, which is less than 1000 acres under mulberry cultivation can be attributed to the above factors. ITDA Utnoor is, instrumental in taking initiative in the implementation of National Sericulture Project. Sericulture is expected to develop rapidly in the district with the different schemes being operated and the suitability soil and climatic conditions prevalent in the district. In addition to the traditional mulberry, cocoons, tusser is another important area suitable in this forest area. Utnoor has got both reeling and twisting units and also a Tusser weaving unit which are used both as training cum production centers. Sheep and Goat Adilabad district is mostly covered with hills and the availability of non-arable land is sizeable which is covered with field grasses. Sheep and goat rearing can be an important activity with existence of large tracts of forest, cultivable falloffs and uncultivable barren areas and other wastelands, congenial for development of this income generating activity. The quinquential census figures show that there is a population of 5,57,734 sheep and 2,31,915 goat is existing in the district as on 2001. The profitable breeds like Nellore, Deccan breeds of sheep and Osmanbadi breed of goats shall be reared. The per capital availability of meat is negligible compared to the standard per capita requirement of 30 grams/day including chicken broiler and port. The establishment of slaughter houses, clinical infrastructural facilities, farms to properly link up the DRDA schemes of IRDP to develop this activity into a substantial employment and income generating activity of the district. |
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